Girls Back Tie Woven Dress Art Class Yellow X

Style of inexpensive textile shirt

A woman wearing a pink V-cervix T-shirt

A T-shirt, or tee shirt, is a style of fabric shirt named after the T shape of its torso and sleeves. Traditionally, it has curt sleeves and a round neckline, known as a crew neck, which lacks a collar. T-shirts are generally made of a stretchy, lite, and inexpensive material and are easy to clean. The T-shirt evolved from undergarments used in the 19th century and, in the mid-20th century, transitioned from undergarment to general-apply casual habiliment.

They are typically made of cotton textile in a stockinette or jersey knit, which has a distinctively pliable texture compared to shirts made of woven material. Some modern versions have a trunk made from a continuously knitted tube, produced on a circular knitting car, such that the trunk has no side seams. The manufacture of T-shirts has become highly automatic and may include cutting fabric with a light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation or a h2o jet.

T-shirts are inexpensive to produce and are often part of fast fashion, leading to outsized sales of T-shirts compared to other attire.^[1] For example, ii billion T-shirts are sold per twelvemonth in the United States,^[ii] or the average person from Sweden buys 9 T-shirts a year.^[3] Product processes vary merely tin be environmentally intensive, and include the environmental impact caused by their materials, such as cotton fiber which is both pesticide and water intensive.^{[iv] [v] [6]}

History [edit]

Elementary, T-shaped top garments have been a part of human vesture since ancient times; garments like to the T-shirt worn before in history are generally chosen tunics.

The modern T-shirt evolved from undergarments used in the 19th century. Beginning, the one-piece wedlock suit underwear was cut into separate top and bottom garments, with the top long enough to tuck under the waistband of the bottoms. With and without buttons, they were adopted by miners and stevedores during the late 19th century as a convenient covering for hot environments.

As slip-on garments without buttons, the primeval T-shirt dates back to erstwhile between the 1898 Castilian–American War and 1904, when the Cooper Underwear Visitor ran a magazine advert announcing a new production for bachelors. In the "earlier" photo, a man averts his eyes from the camera as if embarrassed; he has lost all the buttons on his undershirt and has safety-pinned its flaps together. In the "after" photograph, a virile admirer sports a handlebar mustache, smokes a cigar and wears a "bachelor undershirt" stretchy enough to be pulled over the caput. "No prophylactic pins — no buttons — no needle — no thread", ran the slogan aimed at men with no wives who lacked sewing skills.^[vii]

In 1913, the U.South. Navy showtime issued them as undergarments.^[8] These were a crew-necked, short-sleeved, white cotton undershirt to be worn under a compatible. It became mutual for sailors and Marines in work parties, the early submarines, and tropical climates to remove their uniform jacket, thus wearing (and soiling) merely the undershirt.^[9] They soon became popular as a bottom layer of article of clothing for workers in various industries, including agriculture. The T-shirt was easily fitted, easily cleaned, and inexpensive; for those reasons, it became the shirt of selection for young boys. Boys' shirts were made in various colors and patterns. The word T-shirt became role of American English by the 1920s, and appeared in the Merriam-Webster Dictionary.^[eight]

Past the Dandy Depression, the T-shirt was often the default garment to be worn when doing farm or ranch chores, likewise as other times when modesty called for a body covering but atmospheric condition called for lightweight fabrics.^[9] Following World War 2, it was worn past Navy men as undergarments and slowly became mutual to see veterans wearing their uniform trousers with their T-shirts as casual wearable. The shirts became even more pop in the 1950s after Marlon Brando wore one in A Streetcar Named Want, finally achieving condition every bit fashionable, stand up-alone, outerwear garments.^[10] Often boys wore them while doing chores and playing outside, eventually opening up the idea of wearing them as general-purpose casual clothing.

Printed T-shirts were in limited utilise past 1942 when an Air Corps Gunnery School T-shirt appeared on the embrace of Life magazine. In the 1960s, printed T-shirts gained popularity for self-expression as well every bit for advertisements, protests, and souvenirs.

Current versions are available in many unlike designs and fabrics, and styles include coiffure-neck and V-cervix shirts. T-shirts are among the almost worn garments of clothing used today. T-shirts are specially popular with branding for companies or merchandise, as they are cheap to make and purchase.

Trends [edit]

T-shirts were originally worn as undershirts, only are now worn oftentimes every bit the only piece of wear on the elevation half of the body, other than possibly a brassiere or, rarely, a waistcoat (vest). T-shirts take too become a medium for self-expression and advertisement, with any imaginable combination of words, art and photographs on display.^[11]

A T-shirt typically extends to the waist. Variants of the T-shirt, such as the V-neck, have been developed. Hip hop manner calls for tall-T shirts which may extend down to the knees. A similar particular is the T-shirt dress or T-dress, a dress-length T-shirt that can be worn without pants.^[12] Long T-shirts are too sometimes worn by women as nightgowns. A 1990s trend in women's vesture involved tight-plumbing equipment cropped T-shirt or crop tops curt enough to reveal the midriff. Another less popular trend is wearing a brusk-sleeved T-shirt of a contrasting colour over a long-sleeved T-shirt, which is known as layering. T-shirts that are tight to the trunk are called fitted, tailored or baby doll T-shirts.

With the rise of social media and video sharing sites also came numerous tutorials on DIY T-shirt projects.^[13] These videos typically provided instructions on how to alter an old shirt into a new, more fashionable grade.

Expressive messages [edit]

Since the 1960s, T-shirts take flourished as a form of personal expression.^[11] Screen printed T-shirts have been a standard form of marketing for major American consumer products, such as Coca-Cola and Mickey Mouse, since the 1970s. It has also been unremarkably used to commemorate an result or to make a political or personal argument. Since the 1990s, it has become common practice for companies of all sizes to produce T-shirts with their corporate logos or messages equally function of their overall advertisement campaigns. Since the tardily 1980s and especially the 1990s, T-shirts with prominent designer-name logos have become popular, specially with teenagers and young adults. These garments allow consumers to flaunt their taste for designer brands in an inexpensive mode, in addition to beingness decorative. Examples of designer T-shirt branding include Calvin Klein, FUBU, Ralph Lauren, American Apparel, and The Gap. These examples as well include representations of rock bands, among other obscure pop-culture references. Licensed T-shirts are also extremely popular. Motion-picture show and Television T-shirts can have images of the actors, logos, and funny quotations from the movie or TV testify. Oftentimes, the most popular T-shirts are those that characters wore in the film itself (e.g., Bubba Gump from Forrest Gump and Vote For Pedro from Napoleon Dynamite).

Designer Katharine Hamnett, in the early 1980s, pioneered outsize T-shirts with large-print slogans. The early on starting time decade of the 21st century saw the renewed popularity of T-shirts with slogans and designs with a strong inclination to the humorous and/or ironic. The trend has only increased later in this decade, embraced past celebrities, such as Britney Spears and Paris Hilton, and reflected dorsum on them, too ('Team Aniston'). The political and social statements that T-shirts often brandish have become, since the get-go decade of the 21st century, ane of the reasons that they have so deeply permeated unlike levels of civilization and order. The statements as well may be found to be offensive, shocking, or pornographic to some. Examples of T-shirt stores and designers known for using offensive and shocking messages include T-Shirt Hell and Apollo Braun. Many different organizations take caught on to the statement-making tendency, including concatenation and independent stores, websites, and schools.

A popular phrase on the front of demonstrating the popularity of T-shirts among tourists is the humorous phrase "I went to _____ and all I got was this lousy T-shirt." Examples include "My parents went to Las Vegas and all I got was this lousy T-shirt." T-shirt exchange is an activity where people trade the T-shirts that they are wearing.

Artists like Bill Beckley, Glen Baldridge and Peter Klashorst use T-shirts in their work. Models such every bit Victoria Beckham and Gisele Bundchen wore T-shirts through the 2000s. Paris Fashion Week 2014 featured a grunge style T-shirt.^[14]

Decoration [edit]

Ringer T-shirt

In the early on 1950s, several companies based in Miami, Florida, started to decorate T-shirts with different resort names and various characters. The first visitor was Tropix Togs, nether founder Sam Kantor, in Miami. They were the original licensee for Walt Disney characters in 1976 including Mickey Mouse and Davy Crockett. After, other companies expanded into the T-shirt printing business, including Sherry Manufacturing Visitor, also based in Miami. Sherry was founded in 1948 by its owner and founder Quentin H. Sandler as a screen printer of Souvenir Scarf'southward to the souvenir resort marketplace. Before long, the company evolved into one of the largest screen printed resort and licensed apparel companies in the United states of america. The company now (2018) runs automated Screen Print presses and produces up to 10,000 to 20,000 T-shirts each day.

In the 1960s, the ringer T-shirt appeared and became a staple fashion for youth and rock-n-rollers. The decade also saw the emergence of tie-dyeing and screen-press on the basic T-shirt and the T-shirt became a medium for habiliment art, commercial advertising, gift messages, and protest fine art messages. Psychedelic art poster designer Warren Dayton pioneered several political, protest, and popular-culture art printed large and in color on T-shirts featuring images of Cesar Chavez, political cartoons, and other cultural icons in an article in the Los Angeles Times magazine in tardily 1969 (ironically, the habiliment company chop-chop cancelled the experimental line, fearing at that place would not be a market). In the late 1960s, Richard Ellman, Robert Tree, Bill Kelly, and Stanley Mouse set up the Monster Company in Mill Valley, California, to produce fine art designs expressly for T-shirts. Monster T-shirts often characteristic emblems and motifs associated with the Grateful Dead and marijuana culture.^[15] Additionally, 1 of the most popular symbols to sally from the political turmoil of the 1960s were T-shirts bearing the face of Marxist revolutionary Che Guevara.^[16]

Today, many notable and memorable T-shirts produced in the 1970s accept go ensconced in pop culture. Examples include the bright yellow happy face T-shirts, The Rolling Stones tops with their "tongue and lips"^[17] logo, and Milton Glaser'southward iconic "I ♥ N Y" design. In the mid-1980s, the white T-shirt became fashionable after the actor Don Johnson wore it with an Armani suit in Miami Vice.^[9]

5-Neck [edit]

A Five-cervix T-shirt has a V-shaped neckline, as opposed to the round neckline of the more than common crew neck shirt (besides chosen a U-neck). V-necks were introduced then that the neckline of the shirt does not show when worn beneath an outer shirt, as would that of a crew neck shirt.^{[18] [nineteen] [xx]}

Screen press [edit]

A woman wearing a T-shirt with an architectural motif

The almost mutual course of commercial T-shirt decoration is screen printing. In screen press, a design is separated into private colors. Plastisol or water based inks are practical to the shirt through mesh screens which limits the areas where ink is deposited. In well-nigh commercial T-shirt printing, the specific colors in the design are used. To achieve a wider colour spectrum with a limited number of colors, procedure printing (using simply cyan, magenta, yellow and black ink) or imitation procedure (using merely white, black, ruby, dark-green, blue, and gold ink) is effective. Process press is best suited for light colored shirts.^[21] The imitation process is all-time suited for nighttime colored shirts.

In 1959, the invention of plastisol provided an ink more durable and stretchable than water-based ink, assuasive much more variety in T-shirt designs. Very few companies proceed to employ water-based inks on their shirts. The bulk of companies that create shirts prefer plastisol due to the ability to print on varying colors without the need for colour aligning at the art level.

Specialty inks trend in and out of fashion and include shimmer, puff, discharge, and chino based^[22] inks. A metal foil can exist heat pressed and stamped onto whatsoever plastisol ink. When combined with shimmer ink, metallics give a mirror like consequence wherever the previously screened plastisol ink was applied. Specialty inks are more expensive to buy as well as screen and tend to appear on garments in boutiques.

Other methods of ornamentation used on T-shirts include airbrush, applique, embroidery, impressing or embossing, and the ironing on of either flock lettering, estrus transfers, or dye-sublimation transfers. Laser printers are capable of printing on obviously paper using a special toner containing sublimation dyes which tin then be permanently estrus-transferred to T-shirts.

In the 1980s, thermochromatic dyes were used to produce T-shirts that changed color when subjected to estrus. The Global Hypercolour brand of these was a common sight on the streets of the Great britain for a few years but has since mostly disappeared. These were besides very popular in the United States amongst teenagers in the late 1980s. A downside of colour-change garments is that the dyes can easily be damaged, peculiarly past washing in warm h2o or dye other clothes during washing.

Necktie dye [edit]

Tie dye originated in Republic of india, Japan, Jamaica, and Africa as early as the sixth century.^[23] Some forms of tie dye are Bandhani (the oldest known technique) used in Indian cultures, and Shibori primarily used in Japanese cultures. It was not until the 1960s that necktie dye was introduced to America during the hippie motion.^[23]

Oestrus transfer vinyl (HTV) [edit]

Some other course of T-shirt decoration is heat transfer vinyl, as well chosen HTV. HTV is a polyurethane material that allows apparel designers to create unique layered designs using a specialized software program. Once the pattern is created, it is then cut through the material using a vinyl cutter (or Cutting n Press) machine.

There are dozens of different colors bachelor, likewise every bit glitter, cogitating, and now even unique patterns (such as mermaid skin) which come in rolls and sheets.

Subsequently the design is cut, there is a procedure called "weeding" whereby the areas of the design that do not correspond the design are picked abroad from the transfer sheet and removed so that the intended design remains. HTV is typically smoothen to the touch and does not feel rubbery or stiff. The edges are typically clean cutting and produce high dissimilarity.

Designers tin also create multiple color designs, or multi-layered designs using HTV. This process would be done in the blueprint software before the design is sent to the cutter for the dissimilar materials. A estrus press is and so used to use pressure and heat to the vinyl and then that the material permanently adheres to the garment. The temperature and pressure vary according to the manufacturers specifications.

Dye-sublimation printing [edit]

Dye-sublimation press is a direct-to-garment digital printing technology using full color artwork to transfer images to polyester and polymer-coated substrate based T-shirts. Dye-sublimation (as well commonly referred to equally all-over press) came into widespread use in the 21st century, enabling some designs previously incommunicable. Press with unlimited colors using large CMYK printers with special newspaper and ink is possible, unlike screen printing which requires screens for each color of the design. All-over print T-shirts accept solved the problem with colour fading and the vibrancy is higher than nigh standard press methods merely requires synthetic fabrics for the ink to take hold. The central characteristic of dye-sublimated clothing is that the blueprint is not printed on tiptop of the garment, simply permanently dyed into the threads of the shirt, ensuring that it will never fade.

Dye-sublimation is economically viable for small-quantity printing; the unit of measurement toll is similar for short or long production runs. Screen printing has higher setup costs, requiring large numbers to be produced to exist cost-effective, and the unit toll is higher.

Solid ink is changed into a gas without passing through a liquid phase (sublimation), using heat and pressure level. The design is first produced in a computer image file format such equally jpg, gif, png, or any other. It is printed on a purpose-made computer printer (as of 2016^[update] most commonly Epson or Ricoh brands)^{[ citation needed ]} using big estrus presses to vaporize the ink directly into the fabric. By mid-2012, this method had become widely used for T-shirts.

Other methods [edit]

Before the hippie move Rit Dye was known as a hobby for older women. Other methods of decorating shirts include using paints, markers, fabric transfer crayons, dyes, spray paint, and many more. Some techniques that tin exist used include sponging, stenciling, daubing, stamping, screen printing, bleaching, and many more.^[24] Every bit engineering advances, it offers more experimentations and possibilities for designers and artists to seek for innovative techniques with their T-shirts. Some new T-shirt creators have used designs with multiple advanced techniques, which includes using glow-in-the-nighttime inks, estrus-sensitive fabrics, foil press and all-over printing. Other designers like Robert Geller, a German-built-in American fashion designer, has created unique T-shirt collections such as Seconds which feature oversized graphic T-shirts made from super soft jersey materials. Alexander Wang, on the other hand, came out with variations of T-shirts from oversized scoop necks, tanks to striped, slouchy rayon jerseys.^[25] Artists like Terence Koh, took a different arroyo, with T-shirts featuring an upside downward portrait with a real bullet hole manus finished by him for the Soho store Opening Ceremony.^[26]

See also [edit]

• Concert T-shirt
• Inkjet transfer
• Kit (clan football)
• Polo shirt
• Printed T-shirt
• Raglan sleeve
• Wet T-shirt competition

References [edit]

1. ^ "A Breakdown of the Environmental Impact of a Cotton T-Shirt – Treefy". Retrieved 2021-02-27 .
2. ^ Wall, Mattias; er; ContributorCEO; USAgain (2012-07-03). "T-Shirt Blues: The Environmental Impact of a T-Shirt". HuffPost . Retrieved 2021-02-27 .
3. ^ Hurst, Nathan. "What's the Environmental Footprint of a T-Shirt?". Smithsonian Mag . Retrieved 2021-02-27 .
4. ^ Hurst, Nathan. "What'south the Environmental Footprint of a T-Shirt?". Smithsonian Magazine . Retrieved 2021-02-27 .
5. ^ Wall, Mattias; er; ContributorCEO; USAgain (2012-07-03). "T-Shirt Blues: The Ecology Impact of a T-Shirt". HuffPost . Retrieved 2021-02-27 .
6. ^ "A Breakup of the Ecology Impact of a Cotton T-Shirt – Treefy". Retrieved 2021-02-27 .
7. ^ "Who Fabricated That T-Shirt?". The New York Times. 22 September 2013. Retrieved 6 Nov 2020.
8. ^ ^{a b} "History of the T-shirt". Tee Fetch.
9. ^ ^{a b c} Harris, Alice. The White T. HarperCollins, 1996.
10. ^ "A Streetcar Named Desire – AMC filmsite". Filmsite.org. 1947-12-03. Retrieved 2010-10-26 .
11. ^ ^{a b} Sally Larsen with Neeli Cherkovski, Japlish, Pomegranate Fine art Books, San Francisco, 1993, ISBN one-56640-454-1
12. ^ Cumming, Valerie; C. W. Cunnington & P. E. Cunnington (2010). The Dictionary of Fashion History. Berg Publishers. p. 211. ISBN978-1-84788-534-0.
13. ^ "31 T-Shirt DIYs That Are Perfect For Summer". Buzzfeed.com . Retrieved 1 July 2016.
14. ^ Pieri, Kerry (2013-10-03). "Street style: Paris manner week 2014". Archived from the original on 2014-05-30. Retrieved 2018-03-13 .
15. ^ Monster T-shirt Art, Monster Corporation catalog #3, Manufacturing plant Valley 1974
16. ^ The Near Famous Statement T-shirts past SoJones Asmara, September 10, 2009
17. ^ File:The Rolling Stones Tongue Logo.png
18. ^ "Crew neck". Merriam-Webster Online . Retrieved ii August 2010.
19. ^ "Sweaters Go Bulky". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. 25 August 1957. p. two. Retrieved two August 2010.
20. ^ Kirby, Michael B. (Spring 2008). "90th IDPG History of the T-shirt During WW2". 90th Infantry Partition Preservation Group. Retrieved 2 August 2010.
21. ^ Steve Rhodes. "CMYK Printing". ImpressionzPrinting.com. CMYK is a widely used technique to replicate full-color images on light colored backgrounds. The full-color process originated to accurately reproduce artwork on white paper.
22. ^ Huston, Lance. "Subject area: Re: chino ink??". ScreenPrinters.Cyberspace. Archived from the original on 23 September 2013. Retrieved 13 January 2018. Chino is a special Rutland INK BASE mixing organization.… While on the surface it looks similar to a reduced base, it does have a unique print quality to information technology that offers a waterbase experience, without the hassles of waterbase inks.
23. ^ ^{a b} "Peace, Honey and Tie-Dye". Iml.jou.ufl.edu . Retrieved 31 October 2017.
24. ^ Taylor, Carol. The Peachy T-Shirt Volume!: Make Your Own Spectacular, 1-of-a-kind Designs. New York: Sterling Pub., 1992. Print.
25. ^ "T-Shirt past Darwin". NYMag.com . Retrieved 2017-05-23 .
26. ^ "Bullet Hole Tees: Terence Koh's Capsule T-Shirt Collection for Opening Anniversary". TrendHunter.com . Retrieved 2017-05-23 .

External links [edit]

woodtropers1945.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-shirt

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